I am, you are: personal endings

Turkish has no separate word for am or are in the present. A short personal ending is added straight to the noun, adjective or place word:

• ben (I): -(y)ım, -(y)im, -(y)um, -(y)üm, e.g. öğrenciyim, yorgunum
• sen (you): -sın, -sin, -sun, -sün, e.g. hastasın, Türksün
• biz (we): -(y)ız, -(y)iz, -(y)uz, -(y)üz, e.g. evdeyiz, hazırız
• siz (you, plural or polite): -sınız, -siniz, -sunuz, -sünüz, e.g. yorgunsunuz

The vowel follows the last vowel of the word: a/ı → ı, e/i → i, o/u → u, ö/ü → ü. After a vowel, a y is inserted before -ım and -ız: hastayım, evdeyiz. For he/she/it nothing is added: O öğrenci. (He is a student.)