Chinese · Basic Sentence Structure
不 or 没
Chinese has two words for 'not'.
- 不 (bù) negates the present, the future and habits: 我明天不去 (I'm not going tomorrow), 我周末一般不工作 (I usually don't work at weekends). It is also the only choice before 是, adjectives (不贵, 不饿), feelings and knowledge (不喜欢, 不知道) and modal verbs (不会, 不能, 不应该).
- 没 (méi), also 没有, says that something did not happen: 我昨天没去 (I didn't go yesterday). Leave out 了 in the negative. It also negates experience with 过: 我没去过日本.
- 有 is always negated with 没: 我没有时间. Never say 不有.
The same rule works in 'A-not-A' questions: 你去不去? but 你有没有哥哥? and 你去没去过长城?
Examples
- 我不喝酒。
- 他昨天没来。
- 我没有车。
- 你喝不喝茶?
- 你有没有笔?
Try it yourself
我明天去上班。Show answer
我明天不去上班。
我昨天去上班。Show answer
我昨天没去上班。
他是老师。Show answer
他不是老师。
我有兄弟姐妹。Show answer
我没有兄弟姐妹。
我喜欢喝咖啡。Show answer
我不喜欢喝咖啡。
我去过日本。Show answer
我没去过日本。
这个手机贵。Show answer
这个手机不贵。
教室里有人。Show answer
教室里没有人。
我现在饿。Show answer
我现在不饿。
上个周末我们出去玩。Show answer
上个周末我们没出去玩。
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