Presente de Subjuntivo
The subjuntivo is a form that we don't have in English. This form is a unique feature of the Romance languages and thus also of Spanish. The biggest challenge with the subjunctive is always knowing whether to use the subjunctive or the indicative. In general, we use the indicativo for facts and real things.
The subjuntivo de presente, on the other hand, is used to express a wish (which is usually introduced with a few signal words such as ojalá), but also to show one's own feelings (which is mostly used with verbs like gustar, encantar, detestar etc. is initiated). We also use this form to express doubt and uncertainty (like no creo que vaya al restaurante).
But some conjunctions introduce the subjunctive, such as the conjunctions of time (including hasta que, cuando, etc.)
For the subjunctive formation, we replace the infinitive endings (-ar, -er, -ir) with the endings of the subjunctive.
Examples
- Hablar
yo hable
tú hables
él/ella/usted hable
nosotros/-as hablemos
vosotros/-as habléis
ellos/ellas/ustedes hablen - Aprender
yo aprenda
tú aprendas
él/ella/usted aprenda
nosotros/-as aprendamos
vosotros/-as aprendáis
ellos/ellas/ustedes aprendan - Vivir
yo viva
tú vivas
él/ella/usted viva
nosotros/-as vivamos
vosotros/-as viváis
ellos/ellas/ustedes vivan - Irregulares
caber = quepa, quepas
dar = dé, des
estar = esté, estés
haber = haya, hayas
ir = vaya, vayas
saber = sepa, sepas
ser = sea, seas
ver = vea, veas
pedir = pida, pidas
querer = quiera, quieras
sentir = sienta, sientas
poder = pueda, puedas
dormir = duerma, duermas
jugar = juegue, juegues
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