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NutzungsbedingungenEnglisch (UK) · Indirekte Rede
Indirekte Aussagen
Wenn du wiedergibst, was jemand gesagt hat, verwendest du normalerweise said und rückst das Verb eine Stufe weiter in die Vergangenheit. Das nennt man Zeitenverschiebung (Backshift), und das ist die normale Wahl, wenn die Situation vorbei ist.
- Präsens → Präteritum: “I'm tired.” → she said she was tired
- Present Continuous → Past Continuous: are leaving → were leaving
- Present Perfect → Past Perfect: have lost → had lost (das einfache Präteritum lost wird ebenfalls akzeptiert)
- will → would, can → could, won't → wouldn't, can't → couldn't
Auch Pronomen und Zeitangaben ändern sich: I → he/she, tomorrow → the next day, today → that day, here → there. Wenn etwas jetzt immer noch zutrifft, kann das Präsens bleiben, aber nach einem abgeschlossenen Zeitpunkt wie last night oder when he was five ist die Zeitenverschiebung die natürliche Wahl.
Beispiele
- “I'm busy.” – Yesterday Anna said she was busy.
- “We're watching TV.” – Last night they said they were watching TV.
- “I've forgotten my bag.” – Tom said he had forgotten his bag.
- “I'll text you later.” – Last week Mia said she would text me later.
- “I can't come.” – On Friday Leo said he couldn't come.
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“I'm tired.” – Last night she said she (be) tired.Lösung anzeigen
“I'm tired.” – Last night she said she was tired.
“We're lost.” – Yesterday the tourists said they (be) lost.Lösung anzeigen
“We're lost.” – Yesterday the tourists said they were lost.
“The bank is closed.” – On Sunday Leo said the bank (be) closed.Lösung anzeigen
“The bank is closed.” – On Sunday Leo said the bank was closed.
“I feel sick.” – On Monday my brother said he (feel) sick.Lösung anzeigen
“I feel sick.” – On Monday my brother said he felt sick.
“I have a headache.” – Last night my mother said she (have) a headache.Lösung anzeigen
“I have a headache.” – Last night my mother said she had a headache.
“I need a break.” – After the meeting yesterday, Sara said she (need) a break.Lösung anzeigen
“I need a break.” – After the meeting yesterday, Sara said she needed a break.
“I want to go home.” – At the party, Lucy said she (want) to go home.Lösung anzeigen
“I want to go home.” – At the party, Lucy said she wanted to go home.
“I know the way.” – Before we got lost, Max said he (know) the way.Lösung anzeigen
“I know the way.” – Before we got lost, Max said he knew the way.
“I don't like the soup.” – At dinner, Ben said he (not like) the soup.Lösung anzeigen
“I don't like the soup.” – At dinner, Ben said he didn't like the soup.
“We are leaving now.” – An hour ago they said they (leave).Lösung anzeigen
“We are leaving now.” – An hour ago they said they were leaving.