Demonstrative pronoun

Demonstrative pronouns are pronouns that point to specific things.
In Dutch we have two groups of demonstrative pronouns, either closeby (dichtbij) or far away (ver weg). To decide what demonstrative pronoun you have to use, you need to know the article of the word (1) + if it is closeby or far away (2). Please check the following scheme:

1. Dichtbij, hier (here)
De-words: deze auto / deze auto´s
Het-words: dit huis / deze huizen

2. Ver weg, daar (there)
De-words: die auto / die auto´s
Het-words: dat huis / die huizen

Example with ´de appel´:
Wilt u deze appel hier (closeby) of die appel daar (far away)?

Notes:
1. The demonstrative pronouns die and dat often replace a noun or a group of nouns (persons or things) that have been mentioned in an earlier context: Waar is Anna? Die is in de tuin.
2. Sometimes, the demonstrative pronoun dat refers to a complete sentence:
Wist je dat oma al 80 jaar is? Nee, dat wist ik niet.
3. Besides distance to an object, another factor that can play a role is distance in time:
We gaan deze maand verhuizen.
In dat jaar lag er geen ijs.
4. In a comparison between two objects, the distance is irrelevant (and probably they are both close). For the first object mentioned you use deze and for the second object die:
Ik vind deze kleur mooier dan die kleur.